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Learn Sun Tzu on the Art of War with eChineseLearning's best Chinese teacher!

Sun Zi's Art of War was written by Sun Wu in the final year of the Spring and Autumn Period (770BC - 476BC).
It is not only the oldest Chinese military work in existence but also the oldest book of military theory in the world, well-known for a long time in the history of the military academy in China and abroad.
Sun Zi's Art of War has altogether 13 chapters. Both concise and comprehensive, this book sum up the experience of ancient wars, bring to light the many laws of war which are of universal significance.

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Sun Zi Bing Fa - Sun Tzu on the Art of War - II. Waging War - zuo zhan pian di er

鍘熸枃锛

zu貌 zh脿n pi膩n d矛 猫r
浣溌 鎴樎 绡嚶 绗 浜

s奴n zi yu膿 锛歠谩n y貌n伞 b墨n伞 zh墨 f菐 锛宑h铆 ch膿 qi膩n s矛 锛屔∶ ch膿 qi膩n sh猫n伞 锛
瀛 瀛愭洶聽聽 锛氬嚒 鐢犅 鍏德犅 涔嬄 娉 锛 椹奥 杞β 鍗 椹仿 锛岄潻聽 杞 鍗兟 涔樎犅 锛
d脿i ji菐 sh铆 w脿n,qi膩n l菒 ku矛 li谩n伞銆倆茅 n猫i w脿i zh墨 f猫i 锛 b墨n k猫 zh墨 y貌n伞 锛
甯β 鐢 鍗伮 涓囷紝鍗兟 閲 棣埪 绮 銆傚垯 鍐 澶柭 涔嬄 璐 锛屄 瀹 瀹 涔嬄 鐢犅 锛
ji膩o q墨zh墨c谩i锛宑h膿 ji菐 zh墨 f猫n伞锛宺矛 f猫i qi膩n j墨n锛宺谩n h貌u sh铆w脿n zh墨sh墨j菙y菒 銆
鑳堵 婕嗕箣 鏉愶紝杞β 鐢 涔嬄 濂壜 锛屾棩 璐瑰崈聽 閲 锛岀劧 鍚 鍗伮 涓嚶 涔 甯堜妇鐭c

q铆 y貌n伞 zh脿n y臎 sh猫n伞 锛宩i菙 z茅 d霉n b墨n伞 cu貌 ru矛 锛屔∨峮伞 ch茅n伞 z茅 l矛q奴锛
鍏 鐢犅 鎴樎 涔熉 鑳溌犅犅 锛屼箙聽 鍒櫬 閽 鍏德犅犅 鎸 閿 锛 鏀宦犅 鍩幝犅 鍒 鍔 灞堬紝
ji菙 p霉 sh墨 z茅 伞u贸 y貌n伞 b霉 z煤 銆 f奴 d霉n b墨n伞 cu貌 ru矛 锛 q奴 l矛 d膩n hu貌 锛
涔吢 鏆绰 甯埪 鍒 鍥铰 鐢犅 涓 瓒 銆 澶 閽 鍏德犅犅 鎸 閿 锛 灞堝姏聽 娈毬 璐э紝
z茅 zh奴 h贸u ch茅n伞 q铆 b矛 茅r q菒锛宻u墨 y菕u zh矛 zh臎锛宐霉 n茅n伞 sh脿n q铆 h貌u y菒 銆
鍒櫬 璇 渚 涔樎犅犅 鍏 寮 鑰岃捣锛 铏铰 鏈 鏅郝犅 鑰咃紝涓嵚 鑳铰犅 鍠劼 鍏 鍚 鐭 銆

伞霉 b墨n伞 w茅n zhu艒 s霉 锛 w猫i d菙 qi菐o zh墨 ji菙 y臎 銆
鏁吢 鍏德 闂宦 鎷櫬犅 閫熉 锛屾湭聽聽 鐫 宸 涔嬄犅 涔吢 涔 銆
f奴 b墨n伞 ji菙 茅r 伞u贸 l矛 zh臎 锛 w猫i zh墨 y菕u y臎 銆
澶 鍏德犅 涔吢犅 鑰 鍥 鍒 鑰吢犅 锛屾湭聽聽 涔嬄 鏈壜 涔熴

伞霉 b煤j矛n zh墨 y貌n伞 b墨n伞zh墨 h脿i zh臎锛寊茅 b霉 n茅n伞j矛n zh墨y貌n伞 b墨n伞zh墨l矛y臎 銆
鏁 涓嶅敖聽 鐭ヂ 鐢犅 鍏德 涔嬄 瀹陈 鑰 锛屽垯 涓 鑳铰 灏铰 鐭ョ敤聽聽 鍏德犅犅 涔嬪埄涔熴

sh脿n y貌n伞 b墨n伞 zh臎 锛 y矛 b煤 z脿i j铆 锛 li谩n伞 b霉 s膩n z菐i 銆
鍠劼犅 鐢犅犅 鍏德犅 鑰吢 锛屽焦聽 涓 鍐 绫嵚 锛 绮犅犅 涓 涓壜犅 杞 銆
q菙 y貌n伞 y煤 伞u贸 锛 y墨n li谩n伞 y煤 d铆 锛 伞霉 j奴n sh铆 k臎 z煤 y臎 銆
鍙 鐢犅 浜幝 鍥 锛 鍥犅犅 绮犅犅 浜 鏁岋紝聽 鏁 鍐浡 椋 鍙 瓒陈 涔 銆

伞u贸 zh墨 p铆n y煤 sh墨 zh臎 yu菐n sh奴 锛 yu菐n sh奴 z茅 b菐i x矛n伞 p铆n 锛
鍥铰 涔嬄 璐 浜幝 甯埪 鑰吢 杩溌犅 杈撀犅 锛岃繙聽聽 杈撀 鍒 鐧韭 濮撀犅 璐 锛
j矛n y煤 sh墨 zh臎 伞u矛 m脿i 锛 伞u矛 m脿i z茅 b菐i x矛n伞 c谩i ji茅 锛
杩懧 浜幝 甯埪 鑰吢 璐德 鍗柭 锛 璐德 鍗柭 鍒 鐧韭 濮撀犅 璐⒙ 绔 锛
c谩i ji茅 z茅 j铆 y煤 qi奴 y矛 銆 l矛 q奴 c谩i d膩n 锛 zh艒n伞 yu谩n n猫i x奴 y煤 ji膩 銆
璐⒙ 绔 鍒 鎬 浜 涓樎 褰 銆 鍔浡 灞 璐 娈毬犅 锛屼腑聽聽聽 鍘熉犅 鍐吢 铏 浜 瀹 銆

 b菐i x矛n伞 zh墨 f猫i sh铆 q霉 zh墨 q墨 锛 伞艒n伞 ji蓱 zh墨 f猫i 锛 p貌 ch膿 b脿 m菐 锛
鐧韭 濮撀犅犅 涔嬄 璐 鍗伮 鍘宦 涔嬄 涓 锛涘叕聽聽聽 瀹 涔嬄犅犅 璐 锛 鐮 杞β 缃 椹 锛

 ji菐 zh貌u sh菒 n菙 锛 j菒 sh菙n b矛 l菙 锛 qi奴 ni煤 d脿 ch膿 锛 sh铆 q霉 zh墨 li霉 銆
鐢猜 鑳劼犅 鐭⒙ 寮 锛 鎴 妤犅 钄 姗 锛 涓樎 鐗浡 澶 杞β 锛屽崄聽聽 鍘 涔嬄犅 鍏

伞霉 zh矛 ji脿n伞 w霉 sh铆 y煤 d铆 锛 sh铆 d铆 y矛 zh艒n伞 锛 d膩n伞 w煤 猫r sh铆 zh艒n伞 锛
鏁吢 鏅 灏喡犅犅 鍔÷ 椋 浜 鏁 锛 椋熉 鏁 涓聽 閽熉犅犅 锛屽綋聽聽 鍚 浜 鍗伮 閽熉犅 锛
q铆 伞菐n y矛 d膩n 锛 d膩n伞 w煤 猫r sh铆 d膩n 銆
钀 绉喡 涓聽 鐭 锛 褰撀犅 鍚 浜 鍗伮 鐭陈 銆

伞霉 sh膩 d铆 zh臎 锛 n霉 y臎 锛 q菙 d铆 zh墨 l矛 zh臎 锛 hu貌 y臎 銆 伞霉 ch膿 zh脿n
鏁 鏉聽 鏁屄 鑰 锛 鎬 涔熉 锛涘彇 鏁 涔嬄 鍒┞ 鑰吢 锛岃揣聽聽聽 涔熴 鏁 杞β 鎴
d茅 ch膿 sh铆 ch茅n伞 y菒 sh脿n伞 锛宻h菐n伞 q铆 xi膩n d茅 zh臎锛屆﹔ 伞膿n伞 q铆 j墨n伞 q铆銆
寰椔 杞 鍗伮 涔樎犅犅 宸猜 涓娐犅犅 锛岃祻聽聽聽 鍏堵 鍏埪犅 寰 鑰 锛岃 鏇绰 鍏堵 鏃屄 鏃椼
ch膿 z谩 茅r ch茅n伞 zh墨锛寊煤 sh脿n 茅r y菐n伞 zh墨锛宻h矛 w猫i sh猫n伞 d铆 茅r y矛qi谩n伞 銆
杞β 鏉 鑰屄 涔樎犅 涔 锛屽崚 鍠劼犅 鑰 鍏宦犅 涔嬶紝鏄犅 璋 鑳溌犅犅 鏁 鑰 鐩 寮郝犅 銆
伞霉 b墨n伞 伞u矛 sh猫n伞 锛 b煤 伞u矛 ji菙 銆
鏁 鍏德犅 璐德犅 鑳溌犅犅 锛屼笉 璐德犅 涔 銆

伞霉 zh墨b墨n伞 zh墨 ji脿n伞锛宻h膿n伞 m铆n zh墨 s墨 m矛n伞锛屔贸 ji膩 膩n w膿i zh墨zh菙 y臎 銆
鏁 鐭 鍏德犅 涔嬄 灏喡 锛 鐢熉犅犅 姘懧 涔嬄 鍙 鍛 锛屽浗聽 瀹堵 瀹壜 鍗 涔嬄 涓宦 涔 銆

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Translation:(Translated from the Chinese version By LIONEL GILES, M.A. (1910))

II. WAGING WAR

1. Sun Tzu said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with provisions enough to carry them a thousand li, the expenditure at home and at the front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums spent on chariots and armor, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of silver per day. Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.

2. When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, then men's weapons will grow dull and their ardor will be damped. If you lay siege to a town, you will exhaust your strength.

3. Again, if the campaign is protracted, the resources of the State will not be equal to the strain.

4. Now, when your weapons are dulled, your ardor damped, your strength exhausted and your treasure spent, other chieftains will spring up to take advantage of your extremity. Then no man, however wise, will be able to avert the consequences that must ensue.

5. Thus, though we have heard of stupid haste in war, cleverness has never been seen associated with long delays.

6. There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare.

7. It is only one who is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of war that can thoroughly understand the profitable way of carrying it on.

8. The skillful soldier does not raise a second levy, neither are his supply-wagons loaded more than twice.

9. Bring war material with you from home, but forage on the enemy. Thus the army will have food enough for its needs.

10. Poverty of the State exchequer causes an army to be maintained by contributions from a distance. Contributing to maintain an army at a distance causes the people to be impoverished.

11. On the other hand, the proximity of an army causes prices to go up; and high prices cause the people's substance to be drained away.

12. When their substance is drained away, the peasantry will be afflicted by heavy exactions.

13,14. With this loss of substance and exhaustion of strength, the homes of the people will be stripped bare, and three-tenths of their income will be dissipated; while government expenses for broken chariots, worn-out horses, breast-plates and helmets, bows and arrows, spears and shields, protective mantles, draught-oxen and heavy wagons, will amount to four-tenths of its total revenue.

15. Hence a wise general makes a point of foraging on the enemy. One cartload of the enemy's provisions is equivalent to twenty of one's own, and likewise a single picul of his provender is equivalent to twenty from one's own store.

16. Now in order to kill the enemy, our men must be roused to anger; that there may be advantage from defeating the enemy, they must have their rewards.

17. Therefore in chariot fighting, when ten or more chariots have been taken, those should be rewarded who took the first. Our own flags should be substituted for those of the enemy, and the chariots mingled and used in conjunction with ours. The captured soldiers should be kindly treated and kept.

18. This is called, using the conquered foe to augment one's own strength. 19. In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.

20. Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of the people's fate, the man on whom it depends whether the nation shall be in peace or in peril.

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