With the outbreak of coronavirus, people following the news have probably seen the following words pop up over and over, but may be unsure what the difference is: “感染 (gǎnrǎn)” and “传染 (chuánrǎn)”. Today I’ll tell you how to use them.
infection/infect.
(1) Pathological reactions caused by pathogenic microorganisms and parasites invading the body,growing, multiplying, and causing damage to the body.
轻度感染 (qīng dù gǎnrǎn): mild infection.
(2) Pathogens invade another body through a certain route from the source of infection.
tā gǎnrǎnle àizī bìngdú.
他感染了艾滋病毒。
He is infected with HIV.
(3) Arouse the same thoughts and feelings of others through language or other forms.
tā de xiào shēng gǎn rǎn le quán bān tóng xué.
她的笑声感染了全班同学。
She infected the whole class with her laughter.
infection/infect/be contagious.
(1) Caused by the spread of the disease
传染病 (chuánrǎn bìng) ：infectious disease
(2) Refers to the intrusion of pathogens from diseased organisms to other organisms, usually infectious means that the pathogens of infectious diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through a certain route .
tā bǎ liúgǎn chuánrǎn gěile tóngxué.
他把流感传染给了同学。
He transmitted the flu to his classmates.
(3)Arouse the same thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of others through words or actions.
tā de kǒng jù yě chuán rǎn gěi le wǒ .
她的恐惧也传染给了我。
I was infected by her fear.
(1) Both can be used to express resonance through language, words, behaviors, etc.
(2) Both are invaded by pathogens. “感染(gǎn rǎn)” focuses on being directly invaded by pathogens, and “传染 (chuán rǎn)” focuses on pathogens invading from one individual to another.
n.+传染(chuán rǎn)+给了(gěile)+n.
n.+感染 (gǎn rǎn)+了(le)+n.
Please select the correct words and fill in the blanks
A. 感染 (gǎn rǎn)
B. 传染 (chuán rǎn)
1. tā nà jiāndìng de xìnxīn ______ le wǒmen.
他那坚定的信心 ______ 了我们。
2. tā bǎ xīnguān bìngdú ______ gěile tā de jiārén.
她把新冠病毒 ______ 给了她的家人。
3. xīnguān bìngdú ______ le hěnduō rén.
新冠病毒 ______ 了很多人。
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